Upper Endoscopy
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
(EGD)
What is it?
It is a procedure that enables the examiner (usually a
Gastroenterologist) to examine your esophagus (swallowing tube),
stomach, and duodenum (first portion of small bowel) using a thin
flexible tube that can be looked through or seen on a TV monitor.
How do I prepare for it?
To accomplish a safe and complete examination, the stomach should be
empty. You will most likely be asked to have nothing to eat or drink
for 6 hours, or more, before the procedure. Prior to the scheduling
you should inform your physician of any medications you are taking,
any allergies, and all your health problems. This information will
remind your doctor whether you need any antibiotics prior to the
test, what potential medications should not be used during the exam
because of your allergies, and will give the scheduling individual an
opportunity to instruct you whether any of your medications should be
held or adjusted prior to the endoscopy. Knowledge whether you have
any major health problems, such as heart or lung diseases, will alert
the examiner of possible need for special attention during the
procedure.
Why have you been scheduled for the procedure?
EGD is usually performed to evaluate possible problems with the
esophagus, stomach or duodenum and evaluate symptoms such as upper
abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting, difficulty in swallowing, anemia,
etc. It is more accurate than x-ray for detecting inflammation or
small lesions such as ulcers or tumors within the reach of the
instrument. Its other major advantage over x-ray is the ability to
perform biopsies (obtain small pieces of tissue) or cytology
(obtain some cells with a fine brush) for microscopic examination to
determine its nature and whether the lesion is benign or malignant
(cancerous). Biopsies are taken for many reasons and may not
mean that cancer is suspected. It can also be used to treat
many conditions within its reach. The endoscope's channels permit
passage of accessory instruments enabling the examiner to treat many
of the conditions such as stretching areas of narrowing (strictures)
, removal of benign growths such as polyps or of accidentally
swallowed objects, treating upper gastrointestinal bleeding as seen
in ulcers or lining tears which, in the last two, has markedly
reduced the need for transfusions or surgery.
Next: What can I expect during the endoscopy? »
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